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Infertility: what is it and common causes

Common causes of infertility | What is infertility

What is infertility?

Infertility is when a healthy couple can't conceive. This is called primary infertility if you've never been pregnant and secondary infertility if you've conceived in the past, but are having problems getting pregnant now.

Few couples are completely infertile. Most are subfertile, which means they have problems making a baby together, but it is possible with medical intervention. Although fertility treatment, such as IVF, offers hope for many couples, success rates are fairly low, and you may need many attempts before getting pregnant. Unfortunately, some couples will never succeed.

Common causes of infertility in women

About 50% of infertility cases happen because of problems with the woman's fertility.

Ovulation problems and releasing eggs account for about 30% of infertility problems. You can stop ovulating because of medical conditions such as an early menopause, hormone problems, ovarian cysts, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Being overweight or underweight can affect your hormone balance and ovulation, as can too much exercise. Some medication and drugs, such as cannabis, can interfere with egg production as can herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides.
Implanting problems: sometimes the egg is released from the ovary successfully but doesn't implant in the womb. This can be due to of pelvic inflammatory disease where an infection damages the fallopian tubes. Scarring can then block the egg from getting through to the womb. Large cysts or fibroids in the womb can stop an egg from implanting too.
Endometriosis is a very common condition that causes 1 in 20 cases of infertility. It's where tissue from the lining of the uterus is found outside the uterus in the pelvic. This can cause scarring and heavy bleeding and affect the ovaries and uterus so affecting your fertility.
Age: older women are less fertile. The chance of a woman conceiving after aged 35 - 39 is about half of women aged 19 - 26.

Common causes of infertility in men

About 20% of infertility cases happen because of a problem with the man's fertility.

Sperm disorders are the most common cause of male infertility. Sperm counts in the average British male have fallen by almost half in the past 60 years. A low sperm count can be caused by a number of factors from illness and side effects of medication to hormone problems. Environmental and lifestyle factors can affect sperm count too, e.g. too much heat to the testes can lower sperm count as can exposure to certain chemicals. Alcohol and drug misuse and some sexually transmitted diseases can also affect sperm count.
Testicle problems some men have problems with sperm production because they have injured or had an infection or tumour of the testes. Some men are born with testes that can't make sperm, or make very little.

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jewels, 8 months [Offensive? Unsuitable? Report this comment.]

Hi, i am 35 and have been through a very hard and emotional time over the last year, thankfully it has now come to an end and myself and my new and very loving partner have decided that we would love a child, i have two teenage daughters one who is 15 and the other who is 18 this year, my fear is that i keep being told and keep reading how difficult it is to get pregnant after 35 and i suppose i just want some reassurance, i have very heavy periods and hope that this is not an issue, i am thinking of going for a checkup with my doctor but feel a bit silly as realistically we have only been trying for 2 months, any advice would be great

lisa, 9 months [Offensive? Unsuitable? Report this comment.]

hi,my name is lisa and im 27 and i feel for you so much,but i have some advise that i hope helps,my eldest sister has 8 children and my other two siblings have two children each,i have been with my husband for 11 yrs and we are planning to try for our own family very next year as weve just moved and are renervating our home.together in total we are aunty and uncle to 18 nephew and necies which is lovely,and i find thinking of being a mom as so much hard work,but a beaughtiful experience also so to learn around 5 yrs ago i have polycystic oveys and chances of becoming pregnant could be difficult or impossiable was deverstating,and to find an operation can SOMETIMES help scared the ? out of me,and has left me with a difficult disision,but eventually i said to my self,husband family and friends if its ment to be ,its ment to be,and if being a hands on aunty is as close as to being a mom is then thats it,its hard to think we might not have our own baby but i try to think and say to myself at least we have love,trust,honesty,strength,friendship{etc}in our marrage,but i will always hope we can conceave naturally,as my two sisters{the ones with the two children}both tried and tried my one sister had 4 miscarages but eventually after 5yrs had a healthy boy and then a girl,and the other sister had her first daughter no problem then 5yrs on tried desperatly,after3yrs trying and a misscarage they disided to give up and be blessed at the one child they had,they booked a holiday and relaxed,came home,and the following month no period,they had fell pregnant at ther most relaxed,and 9mths later were blessed with another daughter,between my three sisters they have 12 children.please dont give up just try and take a more relaxed attitude,this ive seen with my own eyes can make a difference.and lastly please see your doctor,i now its scarey but your partner will be with you,it could be something simple like fertility tablets to help you ovulate more,it might not even be your fertility,there are options to help you,dont give up and sit around waiting for what you want,make it happen,knock evey wall down that stands in your way.if there is a problem,find your options and answers.i wish you well and hope you get closer to what you want and wish for,best wishes,take care,lisa xxx

stacey pillin, 10 months [Offensive? Unsuitable? Report this comment.]

hi i am 20 years old and i have been with my partner for nearly 5 years and we have been trying for a baby for 3 of them and i have not yet been able to conceive we dont know why but we just cant and am to scared to go to my doctor about it. i have a really big family and all my aunts and uncles have 5 or more kids my mum has had 9 her self and my partner comes from a big family to he is 1 of 8 him self so we just cant understand why we cant conceive. if any one has gone or going through the same as me i would like to hear from you and hear your story. i know there is a lot of people out there that can never conceive and my heart goes out to them cus although i havent been told am infertile i feel like i am so much so that i am now suffering with depression. thank you for liserning to my story. xxx

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