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Depression is usually associated with adults, but is now on the rise in pre-teens and teens.

The children's mental health charity, Young Minds, estimates that one million children under 16 are suffering from a mental health problem, such as depression, anxiety or an emotional disorder.

How to spot the signs

It's vital that parents spot a depressed son or daughter. The signs generally include some, but not usually all, of the following:

• A general feeling of misery.
• Moodiness, often with a pattern. They feel bad in the morning then better as the day goes on, or vice versa.
• Disturbed sleep, or sleeping more than usual.
• Anxiety.
• Irritability.
• Lack of energy.
• Thinking, speaking and moving more slowly than usual.
• Difficulty concentrating and bad marks at school.
• Forgetfulness.
• Not enjoying the things they normally love.
• Worries about the future, feelings of hopelessness.
• Low self-esteem and guilt.
• Letting themselves go, not washing, or brushing their hair.
• Thinking they're ill when they're not.
• Eating less or over-eating.
• Self-harming.

Family and friends can help in the early stages by talking things through. If you think your child is sliding towards depression, you must tackle it straight away. Talk to your GP. They will tell you where you can get counselling or other help.
Sarah Lawson is the author of Coping With Teenagers, Sheldon Press

More help and advice

- Read more in-depth information on childhood depression
- Kids get depressed too
- Ten ways to fight depression
- How to spot a stressed teen
- Find out more about body dysmorphic disorder
- Get the in-depth facts about bulimia and anorexia

Other useful addresses are:
- Youth Counselling Service
- ChildLine

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