How is MRSA diagnosed?

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If an infection with S. aureus is suspected then, depending on the type of infection, a sample of blood, urine, body fluid, or a swab of a wound can be sent to the 'lab' for testing. If S.aureus is detected, further tests are done to see which antibiotics will kill the bacteria. MRSA strains can be identified by seeing which antibiotics kill the bacteria found on testing. Healthy people suspected of being carriers of MRSA can have a swab or the nose or skin taken and tested.

How is MRSA spread?

MRSA spreads from person to person usually by direct skin-to-skin contact. MRSA is usually caught from hospitals. Spread may also occur by touching sheets, towels, clothes, dressings, etc, which have been used by someone who has MRSA. Ways to prevent spread of MRSA include:

Wash your hands regularly. You may be asked to use an alcohol handrub when entering and leaving a hospital.
Ensure all cuts are covered with a waterproof dressing.
Wear gloves if you are in contact with a person with MRSA. This does not mean if you are just talking to someone though.
Avoid sharing towels, facecloths, etc with people who have MRSA.

However, as mentioned, S. aureus (including MRSA strains) will not normally cause an infection if you are well and healthy. The bacteria may get onto your skin, but do no harm. So, for example, people who visit patients with MRSA, or doctors and nurses who treat people with MRSA, are not likely to develop an MRSA infection. However, they may become colonised with the bacteria and may pass it on to someone who is ill, or who has a wound, who then may develop infection.