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Treatment complications

Too much insulin can make the blood glucose level go too low (hypoglycaemia, sometimes called a 'hypo'). This can cause you to feel sweaty, confused, and unwell, and you may lapse into a coma.

Emergency treatment of hypoglycaemia is with sugar, sweet drinks, or a glucagon injection (a hormone which has the opposite effect to insulin). Then eat a starchy snack such as a sandwich.

What are the aims of treatment?

Symptoms will ease, and you will feel well again, if a high blood glucose level is reduced below a certain level with some insulin. However, you still have some risk of developing complications in the long-term if your blood glucose level remains mildly high.

Therefore, the main long-term aims of treatment are:

• To keep your blood glucose level as near normal as possible.
• To reduce any other 'risk factors' which may increase your risk of developing complications. In particular, to reduce your blood pressure if it is high, and to lead a healthy lifestyle.
• To detect any complications as early as possible. Treatment can prevent or delay some complications from getting worse.

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