What are reflux and oesophagitis?
Understanding the oesophagus and stomach
When we eat, food passes down the oesophagus (gullet) into the stomach. Cells in the lining of the stomach make acid and other chemicals which help to digest food. Stomach cells also make mucus which protects them from damage from the acid. The cells lining the oesophagus are different and have little protection from acid.
There is a circular band of muscle (a 'sphincter') at the junction between the oesophagus and stomach. This relaxes to allow food down, but then normally tightens up and stops food and acid leaking back up (refluxing) into the oesophagus. In effect, the sphincter acts like a valve.
What are reflux and oesophagitis?
- Acid reflux is when some acid leaks up (refluxes) into the oesophagus.
- Oesophagitis means inflammation of the lining of the oesophagus. Most cases of oesophagitis are due to reflux of stomach acid which irritates the inside lining of the oesophagus.
The lining of the oesophagus can cope with a certain amount of acid. However, it is more sensitive to acid in some people. Therefore, some people develop symptoms with only a small amount of reflux. However, some people have a lot of reflux without developing oesophagitis or symptoms.
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD)
This is a general term which describes the range of situations - acid reflux, with or without oesophagitis and symptoms.
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Ms S Brookhouse, over 2 years
Very useful inded. My partner had a hiatus hernia repair 3 years ago, but unfortunately, still suffers from acid reflux and heartburn. May be this is the answer. Thank you
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Ms S Brookhouse, over 2 years
Yes I found this article very useful as stated. My partner having a hiatus hernia repair 3 years ago still suffers from acid reflux and heartburn. He is taking Ranitidine 300mg. Could this drug Omeprazole be better. Thank you.
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