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Types of primary bone cancer

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There are different types of primary bone cancer. They are classified by the type of cell which occurs in the cancer. Most types of primary bone cancer end with sarcoma. A sarcoma is a cancer that originates from cells which occur in and make connective tissues (supporting tissues) of the body. For example, bone, muscle, cartilage, ligaments, etc.

Osteosarcoma

This is the most common type of primary bone cancer, but even this is rare. It arises from bone forming cells. Most cases occur in young people between the ages of 10 to 25, but it can occur at any age. It typically develops in the growing ends of the bone in young people, most commonly in bones next to the knee. However, any bone can be affected.

Ewing's sarcoma

This is named after the doctor who first described it in the 1920s. The
cells of this cancer look different to the more common osteosarcoma. It
only affects around 100 people a year in the UK. Most cases occur in
young people between the ages of 10 to 20, but it can occur at any age.
It most commonly affects the pelvis and long bones of the leg. However,
any bone can be affected.

Chondrosarcoma

This type of cancer arises from cartilage forming cells. As well as occuring in the cartilage, a chondrosarcoma may also develop within a bone, or on the surface of a bone. Most cases occur in people between the ages of 40 and 75. It most commonly affects the pelvis, scapula (shoulder blade), ribs, and the bones of the upper parts of the arms and legs.